Introduction

1. How To Draw A Deal For A
2. How To Draw A Deal Book

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This is one of the simplest and most common domino game, taking its name from the rule that allows players to draw new tiles from the boneyard. As a result, it is played in a dozen different ways by everyone. This is one set of rules, but some more common variations are given in the variations section. Any of the Block game variations can be converted to a Draw game by allowing the use of the tiles left in the boneyard.

Equipment

The game uses a double six domino set, but other sets can also be used when you have more players.

The Deal

The size of the hand varies with the number of players:

• 2 players get 7 tiles each
• 3 players get 7 tiles each
• 4 players get 6 tiles each

The rest of the tiles stay in the boneyard.

The Play

The four handed game can be played in partnerships or as individuals. The players draw for lead (or set) and take turns placing tiles to form a single line. A tile can be placed on either end of the line. Doubles are played across the line, but are not spinners.

A player who cannot or does not wish to play a tile from hand must draw from the boneyard. The player continues to draw tiles until either he plays a tile or the boneyard is reduced to two tiles. The last two tiles of the boneyard are not drawn, and when the boneyard has only two tiles a player who cannot play simply passes his turn. A player must always end his turn by playing a tile unless the bonyeard is reduced to two tiles and the player has no playable tile.

The hand stops when one player dominoes or when the boneyard is reduced to two tiles and nobody can play. Note that if the layout is blocked, both ends of the line showing a number of which all tiles have already been played, the next player in turn will have to draw all the remaining tiles from the boneyard except for the last two.

It is legal to draw from the boneyard when able to play, or to continue drawing after a playable tile. A player may do this in the hope of finding a tile that can be used to block the game thereby forcing the next player to draw a large number of tiles.

How To Draw A Deal For A

After the hand is ended and scored, the tiles are shuffled again and the turn to lead passes to the player to the left of the previous leader.

Scoring

At the end of the hand, each player gets the total number of pips on the tiles in his hand. The lowest scoring player is the winner and is credited with the sum of the scores of the losers, minus his own total. If there is a tie for lowest score, then nobody gets a score.

The game is played for 100 points in a two player or partnership game, and for 61 points in a three or four handed game. This convention allows a cribbage board to be used for keeping scores.

The best play is to set your strongest suit, preferably with a double, so that you will have more options for further plays when it is your turn again. The better control you have of a suit, the more you should try to leave that suit on the ends of the train.

In a partnership game, you can assume that your partner's lead is his strongest suit and play to it.

Regional variations

Dutch: According to the Domino Plaza web site, in this game a player draws one or two tiles from the boneyard, and passes his turn if this does not give him a playable tile. The [0-0] counts as 13 points.

The four-player game with partners, in which each player takes 7 tiles and there is no boneyard and therefore no draw, is described on the partnership dominoes page. This game is popular in Spain and Latin America.

In Puerto Rico when there are two or three players a draw game with seven tiles each is played. It is usual for the holder of the double six, or if it is not dealt the holder of the highest double dealt to start the game, and the player must begin with this double. Thereafter the winner of each game begins the next. A player who cannot play draws from the boneyard until he can, but it is illegal to draw when able to play. The winner scores the total number of pips left in the hands of all players and the other players score nothing. In the case of a blocked game the winner is the player with the least pips. In case of a tie some play that there is no winner and the highest double starts the next game; others play that the player who blocked the game is the winner. This game is described in detail on Jose Carillo's Puertorican Dominoes page.

Sultan Ratrout reports that in Arabic countries, when the game is blocked, both ends of the line showing a number of which all tiles have been played, the game immediately ends and is scored. No further tiles are drawn from the boneyard.

In Austria the game is played using an [8-8] set without doubles (36 tiles) - at least this was the usual game there until the mid 20th century - see the Austrian Dominoes page.

Other variations

1. Different numbers of tiles in the hands.
   1. South Americans will sometimes use the formula (8 - the number of players) = the number of tiles in the hands.
   2. Vietnamese start each player with a hand of one tile. The game must start with the [6-6], so players take turns to draw until someone can set it on the table.
2. Determining the lead, either initially or after a blocked hand is done by:
   1. Players can draw for the highest tile.
   2. The last player who led, leads again.
   3. The lead rotates clockwise around the table.
   4. All players draw a tile and exposed them at the same time. The pips are totaled and the total is divided by the number of players, then one is added to the quotient. The players are numbered from 1 to (n) and the player whose number matches the quotient leads.
      In a two handed game, the players can just call out 'odd' or 'even' as guess to what kind of number the total with be when they expose their tiles.
   5. Ukrainians and other central Asians lead with the highest double.
3. The first tile played can be:
   1. The lead is the player's choice. This is common in France.
   2. The title is required to be the [6-6]. This is common in Puerto Rico and other Latin American countries
4. The tiles in the boneyard are used until:
   1. The boneyard is emptied
   2. The last two tiles must remain in the boneyard. It is a good idea to stack these two dead tiles on top of each other after the deal. In England, this variant is sometimes called Domino Pool. There is a variant Auction Draw Dominoes in which the last two tiles are auctioned to the players.
   3. Players pay for each tile drawn from the boneyard in points or chips.
5. When unable to play:
1. A player continues to draw tiles in his turn until he can play or the boneyard is empty.
2. A player draws one tile in his turn if he cannot play; if the drawn tile can play then he does so. If not, his turn is over and his hand is bigger.

Other Draw Dominoes WWW sites

Rules for Draw Dominoes can be found on the Domino Plaza site.

Draw dominoes software and online games

Game Colony offers head to head Draw Dominoes games and multi-player tournaments, which can be played free or for cash prizes.

You can play Draw Dominoes online at VIPgames.com.

A Draw Dominoes game which can be played locally against the computer or online is included in the Favorite Games Ltd. package.

A version of Draw Dominoes can be played online under the name Domino at the turn-based servers Yourturnmyturn.com (English), Brettspielnetz.de (German) and Jijbent.nl (Dutch).

Rubl.com offers a two-player online draw domino game for prizes.

A version of Draw Dominoes known as Donkey (Osel) can be played online at meingames.de

Draw Dominoes can be played against computer opponents at Online Domino Games.

A good client contract doesn't have to be complicated. Here's how to create and enforce agreements with your clients—and protect your business in the process.

If you work with clients, chances are, you’re at least somewhat familiar with client contracts. But just because you know what a client contract is doesn’t mean you always use them. Or, when you do use them, that you’re creating a written agreement that protects you and your business.

And it makes sense! With all the legal fine print, client contracts can be intimidating.

But they don’t have to be. At its core, a client contract isn’t meant to create traps with confusing legal jargon. It’s supposed to outline essential details like project scope, deliverables, payment, timeline and other contingencies—and to protect your business if one of those details goes awry.

But how, exactly, do you do that? How do you create a contract that gets you and your client on the same page? And if your client violates the agreement, how do you enforce the contract terms—and make sure you’re protecting your business?

Why Are Client Contracts Important?

First things first: Before we jump into how to create (and enforce!) a client contract, let’s start with why client contracts are so important.

Client contracts are a must for your business for a few different reasons, including:

• They get you and your client on the same page: Before you start working with a client, you want to ensure you both have the same expectations around the relationship and/or project
• They clearly state the key details of your working relationship: Client contracts help iron out the nitty-gritty details of the engagement (like when the client needs to pay you and when you need to turn in key project deliverables), which creates a legal road map for how the project will unfold
• They protect your business: Written contracts are legally binding documents—so, if your client doesn’t abide by the contract terms, you can take legal action (and vice versa)

How Do You Write a Client Contract?

Here’s a look at the basic steps you’ll need to take to create a simple and effective client contract:

1. Include Contact Information of Both Parties

For a written contract to be legally binding, it has to clearly state who is legally bound by the agreement—or, in other words, you’ll need contact information for all parties involved.

Every contract should include the legal business name, main contact, physical address, billing address, and contact details for both the client and the contractor/business owner. Make sure to use your legal business name. For example, if you incorporated or formed a limited liability company (LLC), be sure to use the exact name that’s on this paperwork.

Continue to use both your and your client’s names throughout the contract. Leaving generic terms like “client,” “third-party” or “service provider” in the agreement will make it sound significantly more impersonal—which isn’t a legal issue, but could put off some clients.

2. Specify Project Terms and Scope

As mentioned, contracts are all about outlining the nitty-gritty details of your agreement. It’s important to be as specific as possible about what you’re being hired to do, how you’re going to do it and what the expectations are on both sides.

For example, let’s say you’re drawing up a contract to redesign a website for a client. What is the scope of the project? Are you responsible for the redesign and the redesign only—or are you also responsible for writing the copy and sourcing images? What assets do you need from the client to get started? How many revisions does the redesign include—and what happens if the client wants an additional revision round?

You can never be too specific when outlining the details of your project. The goal is to set expectations and guide the working relationship with clear and predefined parameters. While it might seem like overkill, getting into those specific details is important for you and your clients.

You don’t want to end up feeling like you have to work out of scope—and you don’t want your clients to feel like they aren’t getting what they paid for.

3. Establish Payment Terms

Want to get paid for your work? Then don’t leave out the most critical element of a client contract: payment terms.

There are several areas to consider when establishing payment details in a client contract, including:

• How you’ll be paid: Are you going to be paid by the hour or by the project?
• Minimum/maximum hours: If you’re going to be paid by the hour, you’ll want to include your minimum and maximum number of hours. That way, you’ll get paid for the time you set aside for the project, even if your client minimizes the project. It will also prevent scope creep and ensure fair compensation if your client decides to put more work on your plate.
• Project deliverables: If you’re getting paid by the project, it’s important to outline the deliverables you’ll be responsible for and what that project rate actually covers—again, to prevent scope creep.
• Billing schedule: In addition to your hourly or project rate, clearly outline the billing schedule. For example, if you’re getting paid by the hour, will you bill on a defined schedule (e.g., every week or month)? If you’re billing by the project, will you invoice after hitting certain milestones—and, if so, what are they?
• Payment schedule: The billing schedule outlines when you’ll be billing the client—but you also need to include a payment schedule. The payment schedule outlines how long the client has to pay you after receiving your invoice (e.g., 15 or 30 days). You’ll also need to outline any penalties the client will face provided they don’t abide by the payment schedule, like a late payment fee.
• Acceptable payment methods: If you only accept certain methods of payment (e.g., FreshBooks Payments, a business check or direct deposit), you’ll also want to include it in your contract.

4. Set the Schedule

How To Draw A Deal Book

In addition to billing and payment schedules, you’ll also want to clearly outline any deadlines associated with the project, including project milestones and final deliverables. If the client needs to provide anything for the project, make sure to specify what you need from them and when you’ll need it provided by.

For example: “[Your business] will deliver the first comp three weeks after receipt of X asset from [your client]” or “meeting the stated schedule is dependent on the client reviewing submitted drafts and responding with requested edits within 48 hours of receipt.”

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5. Decide What Happens If a Contract Is Terminated

Sometimes, projects don’t work out the way you expect them to—but if your client decides to pull out of the project (i.e., break the contract), you want to make sure your business is protected. And, of course, get paid for the work you’ve already completed.

In the contract, include a stipulation that clearly states that any received payments are non-refundable should the project be terminated for any reason. This is crucial if you’re planning to invoice throughout the duration of the project. It will help ensure you don’t put in a ton of work, only to have the client terminate the project and refuse to pay you.

You can also add verbiage that states if the project is delayed for a certain period of time (e.g., more than 30 days), you will bill for all work completed up to that point—and that invoice will need to be paid in accordance with the contract’s payment terms.

If you’re charging by the project, you may also want to include a “kill fee”—a fee that the client will be obligated to pay (typically 25-35% of the project cost) if they decide to terminate the project early.

6. Determine Who Owns Final Copyrights

While this won’t apply to every business or client project, if you’re creating original work for a client (i.e., a graphic or web design project), you may want to define the copyright terms for the final deliverable and any earlier drafts or comps.

Generally, the service provider owns the rights to any produced work until the final payment is made. Then, once payment is settled, those rights are transferred over to the client—and they can do what they please with the work. If you’re concerned about copyrights or want to establish a different copyright engagement, make sure to outline it in your contract so that your client is on board before you start.

7. Add Some Legalese About the Working Relationship

If you’re working as an independent contractor, you may want to include language that says you take full responsibility for paying your own taxes.

Why is this important? Companies can get into trouble with tax agencies for incorrectly categorizing employees as contractors. Including language in your contract that says you’re an independent contractor and will be paying your own taxes will help them avoid any potential issues come tax time.

While you can identify yourself as an independent contractor using whatever language you’d like, feel free to use this contract template:

“It is understood by the parties that Contractor X is an independent contractor with respect to Company Y and not an employee of Company Y. Company Y will not provide fringe benefits, including health insurance benefits, paid vacation or any other employee benefit, for the benefit of Contractor X.”

8. Specify Your Choice of Law and Venue

In the U.S., contracts can actually specify where disputes will be handled and which state’s laws will govern those disputes. This could be helpful if you and your client are located in different states. Unless you have a specific reason for picking another state, just choose your own state. That way, if you do end up having to settle a dispute, you won’t have to spend any additional time, energy or money traveling out of state.

9. Consider Adding an Arbitration Clause

Ideally, you’ll never face a contract dispute. But if you do, you may want to settle it through arbitration—in which case, you should include an arbitration clause in the contract. If any disputes arise related to the agreement, a neutral third party will hear the evidence from both sides and make a decision.

The benefit of arbitration? It’s typically faster, simpler and easier (although not necessarily cheaper) to schedule than courtroom litigation. It can also be less hostile and more private than taking the dispute to court. If you think it’s the resolution method you’d prefer, consider including the arbitration clause in your contract.

It’s important to note that even if you don’t have an arbitration clause, if you and your client have a dispute, you can still choose to use an arbitrator as long as you both agree. Although if the relationship has deteriorated, it could prove challenging to get on the same page by that point.

If you need the exact verbiage for your contract, you can use this sample arbitration clause courtesy of the American Arbitration Association.

10. Have Both Parties Sign the Contract

Contracts are only legally binding if they’re signed by both parties. So, once your contract is complete, make sure to sign—and collect a signature from your client—before moving forward with the project.

How to Enforce Your Contract—and Ensure Your Client Complies

A signed contract is legally binding. As such, a signed contract is typically all it takes to ensure the client upholds their end of the agreement.

There are, of course, exceptions to that rule. If you find yourself in a situation where your client is in violation of your contract, there are a few steps you can take to enforce it, including:

• Talk to the client: Your client may not realize they’re breaking the contract. For example, they might have forgotten the payment terms or are running behind in getting you the assets you need to complete the project. In those cases, a polite reminder may be all it takes for them to uphold their end of the agreement.
• Talk to a lawyer: If your client refuses to uphold their end of the contract, talk to a lawyer. A lawyer can review your contract to ensure it’s enforceable and give you insights into your rights and any next legal steps.
• File a lawsuit and/or move forward with arbitration: Enforcing the contract may mean taking your client to court or moving forward with arbitration. While this situation is not ideal, it’s sometimes necessary to get clients to comply and/or pay out your contract.

Protect Your Business With a Client Contract

Client contracts are an important part of setting expectations with your client, outlining project details, and ensuring you’re paid for your work. And now that you know how to create (and enforce) contracts, you’re armed with the information you need to protect your business rights.

This post was updated in August, 2020.

about the author

Deanna deBara is an entrepreneur, speaker, and freelance writer who specializes in business and productivity topics. When she's not busy writing, she enjoys exploring the Pacific Northwest with her husband and dog. See more of her work and learn more about her services at deannadebara.com.